GLG
Well-Known Member
OK I found more info here in part 1
http://unfccc.int/files/national_re...ssions/application/zip/can-2014-nir-11apr.zip
Here is the bit we are interested in and for Canada as a whole.
Agriculture (CRF Sector 4)
6.1. Overview
Emission sources from the Agriculture Sector include enteric
fermentation (CH4) and manure management (N2O and CH4)
categories from animal production and the agricultural soils
(N2O) and field burning of crop residues (CH4 and N2O) categories
that occur during crop production. Carbon dioxide emissions
from, and removals by, agricultural lands are reported in the Land
Use, Land-use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) Sector under the
Cropland category (see Chapter 7).
The largest sectors in Canadian agriculture are beef cattle (non
dairy), swine, and cereal and oil seed production. There is also
a large poultry industry and a large dairy industry. Sheep are
raised, but production is highly localized and small compared
to the beef, swine, dairy and poultry industries. Other animals
are produced for commercial purposes, namely buffalo,1 llamas,
alpacas, horses and goats, but production is small.
Canadian agriculture is highly regionalized due to historic and
climatic influences. Approximately 75% of beef cattle and more
than 90% of wheat, barley and canola are produced on the
Prairies in a semi-arid to subhumid ecozone. On the other hand,
approximately 75% of dairy cattle, 60% of swine and poultry, 95%
of corn and 90% of soybeans are produced on the humid mixedwood
plains ecozone in Eastern Canada.
In 1990 there were 10.5 million non-dairy cattle in Canada, 1.4
million dairy cattle, 10 million swine and 100 million poultry.
Beef cattle and swine populations peaked in 2005 at 15 million
head each but have since decreased to 12 and 13 million head,
respectively. Since 1990, poultry populations have increased to
140 million. Dairy cattle populations have decreased steadily
since 1990 to less than 1 million head in 2012.
Since 1990, cropping practices have changed in Canada, with
increasing canola production from 3 Mt to 14 Mt, corn production
from 7 Mt to 13 Mt, and soybean production from 1.3 Mt
to 5 Mt, and decreasing wheat production from 32 Mt to 25 Mt.
Synthetic nitrogen consumption has increased from 1.2 Mt N in
1990 to 2.3 Mt N in 2012, while the area under summerfallow has
decreased by 5.4 million hectares (Mha) and the regions using
conservation tillage have increased by 12.9 Mha.
As a result of those changes, total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions
from the Canadian Agriculture Sector have increased from
47 Mt CO2 eq in 1990, to 56 Mt CO2 eq in 2012 (Table 6–1). This
difference represents an increase of 19% from 1990, mainly due
to higher populations of beef cattle and swine (13% and 25%
increases, respectively), as well as an increase in the use of synthetic
nitrogen fertilizers (93%).
Emissions of CH4 from livestock accounted for 19 Mt CO2 eq in
1990 and 20 Mt CO2 eq in 2012, and mean estimates lie within an
uncertainty range of -16 to +20%. Over the time series of 1990
to 2012, mean CH4 emissions are estimated to have increased by
1.6 Mt CO2 eq, a 9% increase. The observed increase in emissions
falls within an uncertainty range of 4% to 12%. Emissions of N2O
from agricultural soils and livestock accounted for 28 Mt CO2 eq
in 1990 and 35 Mt CO2 eq in 2012; mean estimates lie within an
uncertainty range of -36 to +52%. Over the time series, mean N2O
emissions increased by 7.1 Mt CO2 eq, an increase of 25%.
Emissions from the Agriculture Sector peaked in 2005 and, until
2008, there were no significant changes in total emissions, as
increases in emissions due to increased use of nitrogen fertilizer
and crop residue decomposition were offset by reductions in
emissions from animal production as major livestock populations
decreased (Enteric Fermentation and Manure Management, Table
6-1). Since 2008, fertilizer emissions have continued to increase.
Livestock populations decreased from 2005 to 2011, but did not
continue this decline in 2012; crop production and the resulting
crop residual emissions in 2012 were lower than their peak in
2008, but increased slightly relative to 2011. As a result of these
short-term changes, total agricultural emissions were lower in
2012 than peak levels in 2005–2008, by less than 3 Mt CO2 eq.
Recalculations were 1.7% in this submission, with an increase
in emissions of less than 0.2 Mt CO2 eq for 1990 and a decrease
of -0.9 Mt CO2 eq in 2011, reducing the emission trend reported
in the 2013 NIR by 2%, from 15% to 13%. Recalculation resulted
from a number of changes in activity data based on the 2011
Census of Agriculture, due to revisions to animal population
estimates by Statistics Canada and revisions to crop areas by Agriculture
and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), as well as an improvement
to ecodistrict-level climate data (Table 6–2).
Emissions from biological nitrogen fixation by the legume-rhizobium
association are reported as not occurring. This decision
is supported by Rochette and Janzen (2005), who concluded
that there is no evidence that measurable amounts of N2O are
produced during the nitrogen fixation process. Rice is not produced
in Canada and is not a source of CH4 emissions. Prescribed
burning of savannas is not practised in Canada. Finally, emissions
of GHG from on-farm fuel combustion are included in the Energy
Sector (Chapter 3).
lot's more on other producers of CO2 in this industry, but too much to post here...
