I'll also point out that people who think that Scandinavian countries are examples of an alternative are overlooking the fact that they use the exact same strategy to attract businesses that other capitalist countries do: they lower their corporate tax rates. Norway, Sweden and Denmark all have lower corporate tax rates than Canada.
We could be more like the Scandinavian states but that would mean lowering corporate taxes and increasing personal taxes. Well, they'd increase for most of us, depending on which model you wanted to adopt, although for the very rich in some cases they'd actually decrease; Norway for instance uses a flat tax model on most income.
The idea that Scandinavian countries are a left-wing alternative to the system we're using is not very accurate. Their health care systems, for example, are heavily privatized.
They're doing things differently and it's working relatively well, although it's hard to gauge whether it's working as well as what we do. It's also impossible to tell whether it could be exported; all the Scandinavian states are very culturally homogenous and very small. Will they be able to sustain their system of co-operative capitalism as they cope with waves of immigrants hoping to cash in on a highly developed welfare state? Hard to say.
Would we be able to get our 35 million people, many of whom are very recent arrivals and more tightly bound to a foreign culture than our own, not to mention the regional cultures which have evolved in Canada and the six million francophone Quebeckers, rowing in unison the way the 400,000 people on a remote volcanic island in the north Atlantic, where virtually every resident is a descendant of settlers who were forced to cope with extremely limited resources and whose entire language developed right there on that island, were able to row together for a common goal?
I'd call that question rhetorical but the answer is just no. No, we absolutely could not expect to adopt the model that worked for an extremely isolated country the size of Surrey, and apply it here.
Capitalism is not without flaws but it's big issue is not that it doesn't lift people out of poverty; in fact it's the single greatest system for lifting people out of poverty that the world has ever seen. No, its big issue is that it works too well. Countries like China, who shot themselves in the foot valiantly for years, thus removing themselves as a competitor, have been adopting more and more of capitalist theory and that's a big part of why we're not living in the good old days of a blue collar job meaning a nice house and a new car and a boat anymore. It's not that capitalism doesn't work, it's that the world the baby boomers grew up in had essentially no industrialized countries outside the western first world nations. They had no competition, and every manufactured part had to come from the USA or Canada or Germany or another industrial nation already rich from decades of skilled applications of international capitalistic trading.
Now that a guy with a grade five education and no shoes can run the machine that stamps out your fishing rod blank...China can be in the same position the US was a hundred years ago, when factory workers were half-starved farm labourers with a grade five education and no shoes, just born in Kansas not Zhejiang.
Does something need to be done if we want to stay on this planet? Absolutely, but anyone who tells you they know what the solution is, is either lying because they want to gain power for themselves, or insufficiently educated to understand the scale of the problem. We don't know how to fix this because we've never tried to do this before. You can't sustain 7 billion middle-class lifestyles; resources are insufficient. You can't seem to convince people in the first world that claim to care, like David Suzuki, to give up their multiple homes and travel and live in a very basic hut and own one set of clothes, so presumably we can't ask every Bangladeshi peasant to stop wanting to increase their standard of living.
Other than rooting for antibiotic-resistant strains of virulent diseases I can't think of any solution that's even remotely realistic. I'd say adoption of left-wing economics might help simply by reducing the standards of living so severely that we might be able to keep going, but typically countries which pursue left-wing ideology to the point of economic collapse do such severe damage to the environment that it probably wouldn't help.